Concept of enumeration in C++

You have often heard about "enumeration" in C++.Today I will explain this concept with the help of articles taken from different websites.

Definition of enumeration

Enum(enumeration) is a user-defined type consisting of a set of enumerators( enumerator --- named integer constant).

The idea behind enumerated types is to create new data types that can take on only a restricted range of values. Moreover, these values are all expressed as constants rather than magic numbers--in fact, there should be no need to know the underlying values.

Declaration of enumeration

The enum is declared as:

enum enum-type-name { enum-list } enum-variable;

In this form, enum-type-name is optional. However, if you want to use enum type in several places, it is better to use another way of enum declaration:

enum enum-type-name { enum-list };

//... (and somewhere below)

enum enum-type-name enum-variable;

Of course, in the second case enum-type-name cannon be omitted.

An example is given below which will show you how to declare enumeration in C++.
enum e_acomany
{
Audi,
BMW, 
Cadillac, 
 Ford,
 Jaguar, 
 Lexus, 
 Maybach, 
 RollsRoyce, 
 Saab
};

Below is a sample code that will help you to undersatnd this concept.

Source code

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

enum colours{blue,red};

int main( )

{

colours c;

c=blue;

cout<<"Blue is at number:"<<c<<endl;

c=red;

cout<<"Red is at number:"<<c<<endl;

return 0;

}

Output

Blue is at number:0

Red is at number:1

Credits

For this blog,I have taken help from the following websites:

www.programiz.com

en.cppreference.com

www.anyexample.com